Effect of irrigation application rate and spraying of selected compounds on drought and salinity tolerance of wheat plant grown in clay soil

Document Type : original papers

Authors

1 Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Menoufia University

2 Professor of Soil Chemistry, Dept. of Soil Sci., Faculty of Agric., Menoufia University

3 Head Researcher of soil Physics Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute ARC, Egypt

4 Prof. of soil Physics and Head of the Dept. of soil Sci., Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University Shebin EL Kom, Egypt

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in the research farm of Al-Hussainiya Plain. The wheat crop was cultivated in clay saline soil and four irrigation application rates were applied. The experiment repeated two successive winter seasons to evaluate the effect of five regulators of the environmental stresses (i.e., drought and salinity) on wheat productivity and its water use efficiency (WUE). The physical and chemical properties of the soil were determined and some parameters of wheat yield for both straw and grains were measured, as well as the WUE. The obtained results showed positive significant effect of both irrigation application rate and sprayed compounds on wheat productivity and WUE in clay salt affected soil. The results indicate that the highest productivity for both straw and grain was associated with 100% and 110% of the field capacity (FC), followed by 90%, and then 80% as a general average, regardless of the type of the sprayed treatment. The results also showed that the plant height and basal numbers were increased by sprayed compounds compared to control treatment. The order of the positive effect of spray with transpiration reducers was, generally, as follows: K-silicate, then Mg-silicate, then salicylic acid, then proline, then ascorbic acid. The study, hence, recommends the use of potassium and magnesium silicate and an irrigation rate of 110% FC in the studied saline clay soil.

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